Laura’s guide to Chartership

31 Jan

This is an unofficial guide, but it worked for me, and I hope you find it useful.

Start with CILIP’s Five steps to Chartership

Get yourself a mentor

When choosing a mentor, I think it’s a good idea to approach someone who is outside your sector.  If they don’t live near you, you can meet by phone or Skype.  Having a perspective from someone who is not as familiar with your work environment is good for two reasons:

  1. you can discuss issues and compare procedures and policies with someone who has a different perspective on libraries
  2. they can help you judge if you have explained your context fully, and that it makes sense to someone with no prior experience of your workplace

I think this is especially important if you work in a library which tends only to compare itself or benchmark against other organisations that are already very similar (such as academic libraries) and discussion with a mentor from a different information environment will help you generate new ideas about how to provide a better service for your users.

Writing your Personal Professional Development Plan (PPDP)

Think about your development in the broadest possible sense.  Don’t compare yourself with other people – this is your learning journey and what matters is that you have made progress from your starting point.

Examples of areas for training and development include:

Old-skool library skillz e.g. cataloguing and classification

People skills e.g. supervision or management of colleagues, customer service skills

The wonderful world of social media e.g. learning to write for the social web, monitoring and evaluating interactions on your library’s Twitter, Facebook or other social sites.  Or even being the person who starts these up for your information service

Transferable skills e.g. project management, managing budgets, collating data and statistics, administrative skills, giving presentations or inductions

Remember that training takes many forms: it can be on-the-job, shadowing, researching, learning by doing (i.e. there is no-one else I can find to teach me – I’m just going to have to figure it out as I go along) – it’s not just about attending a course.  And if you do go on a course, take time to reflect on what you’ve learned and how you will put it into action.

Chartership course

CILIP recommend that you attend a Chartership course.

Before the day, do some research into what you need to do to submit your portfolio, and be ready with questions.  You’ll get more out of the course if you arrive prepared and are already familiar with the basics.

The people who will be speaking at the course know their stuff, so use the opportunity wisely by asking them things you can’t easily find out by reading about Chartership on the CILIP website.

At the course, there may be portfolios on display.  Take a look at these and make notes to help you remember the good (and bad) points that you want to remember to include (or avoid) in yours.

Write your evaluative statement

It’s that simple – just write it.

If you need help with eking out all 1,000 words, try Written? Kitten! which rewards you with a picture of a cute kitty (sorry, dog lovers) each time you write another 100 words.

I found it useful to divide my words roughly equally between the four competencies I was trying to demonstrate:

  • Personal performance and service performance
  • Active commitment to continuing professional development
  • Personal and professional development and progression
  • Breadth of professional knowledge and understanding of the wider professional context

Collate evidence to support your personal statement

Gather certificates, emails, blog posts, tweets, policies… any documents which support what you have written in your evaluative statement about your development.

Order, number and name them so you can easily cross-reference them from your statement (you are a Librarian, after all).

Personal details of other people

When using documents which contain names, emails or similar personal information about other people, you need to think about how you will present this information in your portfolio.

I had seen other portfolios in which candidates had obscured these details but I felt that this made the documents look censored.

Instead, I asked permission from the people involved to reproduce these documents in full and all of them agreed.  I made clear in my portfolio that these documents were included with permission, and I thought this looked more open and inviting to read.

Electronic submission

CILIP have started accepting electronic submissions and I would recommend this as it allows you to use working hyperlinks in your portfolio (I used these to link from my statement to the evidence and back again) and saves you having to print and bind three copies of your portfolio.

Best of luck!  Keep your eyes on the prize:

Chocolate MCLIP

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Classification 101 with Lego

27 Jan

Here is a demo that I did with my library team this week.  Here is a set of objects:

Selection of Lego bricks

The challenge was to sort them into groups and explain why you have chosen to arrange them in this way.

We came up with a variety of ways in which they could be arranged – here are some examples.

Grouped by colour:

Bricks arranged by colour

Grouped by width: one stud, two studs, more:

Arranged by width

Grouped by depth: are they flat or built-up?

Arranged by flat/built-up

All of these answers are valid, as they are supported by rational criteria for grouping the objects.

However, notice that as you group items by one characteristic, you separate them by another, e.g. the brown group has some pieces that are flat, but not all the flat pieces are brown.

In a library example, you could put all fiction books together, but an author may have also written drama or poetry, and so not all of their works will be together.  Similarly, grouping books by year of publication separates them by subject.

Ranganathan’s Fourth Law of Library Science is “save the time of the reader”.  In order to meet the needs of library users effectively, each library must decide how it will arrange its stock: which classification system to use.  The best way to arrange your stock is the way in which your users can most easily find what they are looking for.

For example, my library uses the Dewey Decimal Classification system to arrange books by subject.  This is the most helpful for our readers, who are usually studying one subject and expect all of their resources to be located in one place.

In a closed stack library, users request books from the catalogue which are fetched for them by library staff.  A closed stack library may arrange their stock in order of accession number, meaning that items are arranged from oldest to newest, and this makes efficient use of space.  It doesn’t matter that the books aren’t in order by subject; as the library staff member can locate the book accurately by its accession number.

A fiction library may arrange works by author, and a picture book library by colour.  At home, my non-fiction books are arranged in height order, as this is aesthetically pleasing and encourages serendipitous rediscovery of other things when I am looking for something else.

As in the examples above, when you group items by one characteristic, it is inevitable that you will separate them by another.  However, the most important thing is to choose a system that will help your users, and apply it consistently.

Thanks to my colleagues Nora and Louise who told me about the roles of Plato and Aristotle in the philosophical origins of catagorisation.

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How to get students to bring their library books back

1 Dec

This week I’m distributing flyers to all our students to remind them to renew their loans before they leave for the Christmas holidays, and also as a promo for our social media sites.

As an incentive for ensuring their accounts are up-to-date, I’m offering a “little seasonal thank you” (chocolate Santas from M&S or similar).

I hope this publicity will encourage students to update their accounts, call in at the library office to claim their treats and increase the numbers of Likes/followers on our social media sites.

If you’d like to join in, please Like us or follow us!

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Israel and library technology

16 Nov

Lots of library-related technology such as remote access was developed in Israel.  Because Israel was politically isolated from many of its neighbouring countries, it could not develop inter-library loans systems such as we are used to in the UK and other countries.  This meant that there was an urgent need to develop other ways of sharing information resources with other institutions worldwide.  As a result, many library technology companies such as Ex Libris started life in Israel and are still based there today.

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E-Resources – less frequently asked questions

4 Nov

This post follows on from E-Resources FAQ

A short history of remote or off-campus access

Eduserv developed the Athens system for remote access to e-resources.  It worked as a list of usernames and passwords hosted by Eduserv, and it allowed off-campus access without the need for VPN (which would authenticate the user via IP address).  VPN installation is not always easy (Mac users?) or possible (people in internet cafes or other places where they can’t download software onto the computer they’re using), and so was a great leap forward.

However, it was costly: JISC funded Athens access for UK higher education institutions and publishers also had to pay for it to work with their products.  JISC funded the access via Eduserv, but Athens was not a JISC product.

More recently, Shibboleth was developed as an open source software solution for web single sign-on for organisations, so it is free to use for both institutions and publishers.  In July 2008, JISC withdrew funding for Athens and started up their own access management organisation, The UK Access Management FederationAthens authentication continues to exist and is available on a subscription basis.

Hardly any US-based publishers (e.g. Highwire) used Athens, so switching to Shibboleth authentication meant that a wider range of resources was available off-campus than ever before.

Shibboleth is the technology that underlies our Oxford SSO (single sign-on) system.

What is EZproxy and how does it work with SSO?

EZproxy is another tool for remote access and it works by mimicking the Oxford IP range (like VPN):

EZproxy helps provide users with remote access to Web-based licensed content offered by libraries. It is middleware that authenticates library users against local authentication systems and provides remote access to licensed content based on the user’s authorization

Many e-journals and databases work with “Shibbolised” EZproxy, in which the proxy server is accessed via SSO.  The user is authenticated via SSO and then access to the proxy server is enabled, allows access to the resource via IP address authentication.  This means that IP-authenticated resources which aren’t SSO-compliant can be accessed off-campus using SSO via Shibbolised EZproxy.

E-resources access and walk-in users

EZproxy doesn’t kick in on-campus, so IP-authenticated resources allow walk-in user access.  In universities, walk-in users are visiting scholars or people with reader access who are not members of the University, and do not have SSO accounts.

Some publishers (usually in the legal or business fields) do not want to allow walk-in user access to their resources, so they require SSO authentication even on-campus.  Shibboleth access is secure and also gives them log files of user activity, so they can trace anyone they suspect of breaking the terms of their licence, for example by systematic downloading of their content.

Usernames and passwords

A few publishers still rely on username and password authentication based on usernames that they issue.  Typically, these are legal databases whose business model involves selling access to a few people at a variety of institutions in the commercial sector, and so they are not set up for other authentication methods.

These usernames and passwords are then stored on an SSO-protected website, such as Weblearn, our university’s virtual learning environment.

Other advantages of SSO over Athens

SSO provides more up-to-date authentication, as it retrieves user information from the identity provider each time access is requested.  The usernames and passwords hosted by Eduserv were only updated every month or so, so someone who had previously been a member of the University would often still be able to access resources for some time after they left.  SSO permissions can be finely tuned so that a student will lose their e-resources access immediately after finishing their course, but retain SSO access to their email until several months later.  Users are more aware of the value of their SSO, since it lets them in to so many services, and are less likely to share (or sell) it to other (non-University) people.  This had been a problem in the past with Athens usernames and passwords.

How Shibboleth works

The aim of a single sign-on system is to be able to access multiple resources with a single identity.  A variety of service providers (SPs, such as e-resources publishers) can sign up to work with Shibboleth, and a range of identity providers (IdPs, such as universities) can have users’ accounts verified by Shibboleth:

Shibboleth acts as a mediator between the services and the users (with different identities, affiliations and levels of permissions).  Therefore, when you access ScienceDirect via SSO, Shibboleth checks who you are and details about the service you are trying to access.  If it can identify you as a member of the University of Oxford and verify that the University has a current subscription to ScienceDirect, it will allow you access.

To reward you for reading this far, here’s a gory story about where the term shibboleth comes from.

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E-Resources FAQ

3 Nov

This is a collection of things I wish everyone knew about e-resources.  Whether this area is new to you or not, I hope you find something useful here; and do let me know about any points I’ve missed in the comments.

What are e-resources?

E-resources are also known as electronic resources and there are two main types: e-journals (or electronic journals) and databases.

Many e-journals are digital copies of print journal articles, but increasingly e-journal articles are published without a print analogue.

There are several kinds of databases

  • Bibliographic – this type of database is a collection of references to published literature.  It functions in a similar way to a library catalogue, but indexes details of articles rather than books
  • A&I (abstracting and indexing) – in addition to bibliographic details, this type of database also contains abstracts of the individual articles
  • Full text – a database which includes the full text of all the articles it has indexed
  • Data/statistics – a collection of numbers and facts which you can query in order to extract a particular dataset.  A database in the purest sense of the word.
  • Images – a database containing a searchable index of images and the images themselves

What does full text mean?  Full text refers to an e-resources that makes available online the whole contents of journal articles, not just the abstract or citation.  Full text articles are often subscription resources, requiring an individual or institutional account for access.

What is an abstract?  An abstract is a summary of a journal article, often published at the beginning of the article.

What is a platform? A platform is a website which hosts content or programs.  Examples include JSTOR and ISI Web of Knowledge (which hosts a number of databases including, confusingly, Web of Science).

What is SFX?  SFX is an OpenURL link resolver, which works by compiling a list of all the journals to which an institution (such as a university) is subscribed and linking to that content.  Primarily, it functions to allow you to search an institution’s subscriptions to see if you can access a particular e-journal, and which years are included in the subscription.  At Oxford University, SFX is locally branded as OU eJournals and is one of a number of resources whose contents are searchable via SOLO.

What is MetaLib?  MetaLib is a search system which allows you to search for resources, link to them, and (in some cases) search within them.  This is not possible for all resources, as they need to be compliant with a protocol called Z39.50 in order to be searchable.  At Oxford University, MetaLib is locally branded as OxLIP+ and is one of a number of resources whose contents are searchable via SOLO.

What is a paywall?  A paywall is a barrier to a website which requires you to authenticate to view the content.  Usually, this requires a paid subscription.  An important implication of this is that any content behind a paywall is not indexable by search engines and therefore will not appear in the search results.  Not everything on the Internet is known to Google.

There are several methods of authentication

Internet Protocol (IP) – the IP address of your computer identifies where you are in the world, and is also used by sites like BBC iPlayer which use your IP address to check which country you are in.  If you are using the university’s computing facilities on campus, the computer you’re using will have an IP address within the university’s main range, which is detected by the e-resource you are trying to reach and access will be granted.  Working “off-campus” means that you are off the university network, perhaps using your own laptop in a university library or working from your own home.  This means that your computer’s IP address is not within the institution’s IP range and you will need a different method of access.  VPN software is commonly used to solve this issue and it works by extending the institution’s network to your computer, thereby bringing it into its IP range.

Want to find out your IP address?  Just go to whatismyipaddress.com

Single sign-on (SSO) – logging in via SSO identifies you as a member of an institution (such as a university) and therefore allows you access.  A great advantage of SSO login is that your authentication can be pushed from one site to another via your browser, so you don’t have to keep logging in when you go to a different subscription site that accepts SSO authentication.

Username and password – the old school method.  Nowadays, this only really applies to a small number of really expensive resources, where tight budgets or low demand mean that a several-user subscription than whole-campus access has been purchased.  There may only be (for example) 5 usernames and passwords for the resource, and if all 5 are in use, you will need to wait until someone has logged out so that you can use that ID to log in afresh.

Also good to know

What is a session identifier?  Session IDs or tokens are commonly used in online shopping sites and data/statistics databases.  These types of sites combine a variety of information to produce the page you are viewing, rather than retrieving a pre-prepared HTML page.  The session ID is used to track the individual user’s actions during the course of their session on the site.  Your shopping cart contents or dataset only exists because you have selected and combined certain elements during the session, which will time out after an order is finalised, or the user logs out, or after a period of inactivity.

URLs which contain “session” or “sid” indicate a session ID, and are not persistent.  If you are attempting to link to a resource, check the URL: if it contains a session ID, the URL will not work when someone tries to follow it later on because the session will have timed out.

Some e-resources have embargoes which are periods during which access is not allowed (usually to protect the publishers’ interests, or in JSTOR’s words “protect the economic sustainability of our content providers”).  There are several types of embargo:

  • A rolling or moving wall – a fixed period of months or years.   For example, most journals in JSTOR have an embargo of 3 or 5 years, and as a new issue is published, its equivalent from 3 or 5 years before will become available on JSTOR.
  • An annual cycle – for example, all content before 1st January of this year is available.  This will add another year to the archive on 1st January of each year
  • A fixed date – for example, only content before 2005 is available

If you’re carrying out research in your subject area, make sure you don’t rely exclusively on resources with embargoes, as you will be missing current and recent material.

E-resources and copyright – keep your use legal!

Most e-resources publishers have a ‘fair dealing’ arrangement which allows you to print or save one article per journal issue.  Downloading an article happens when you view the article on screen, not just if you save it.  Please be aware that systematic downloading is not permitted under fair dealing arrangements and may compromise your institution’s access to the resource.  Also, remember that your access to e-resources is for your own research and learning only, and you may not email pdfs or other downloaded documents to anyone outside your institution.

See also: E-Resources – less frequently asked questions for the next part of the story…

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Tips for using Oxford libraries

31 Oct

The 100+ libraries of the University of Oxford provide a comprehensive library service for the University. The libraries are grouped into three categories:

  • Bodleian Libraries (including the Bodleian Library)
  • Faculty and Departmental libraries
  • College libraries

Each library has its own rules, opening hours and lending practices.  This guide will give you a brief overview.  For specific enquiries, please read the relevant library’s homepage (where you will also find their contact details).

1. Which libraries may I use?

If you are a member of the University, you may usually access your own College library, your departmental/faculty library and the Bodleian Library.  Your registration at the Bodleian Library is normally automated, but you may need to register when you first visit one of the other libraries.

As well as providing resources for learning and research in different subject areas, different libraries also have a variety of study spaces which you can explore and find out where you work best.

2. Where are the libraries?

Please refer to this map of all the libraries of the University of Oxford

3. When are my libraries open and how can I contact them?

Start with this list of all the libraries at the University of Oxford which links to information about them and their websites (where applicable).  Please follow these links to find the opening hours and contact details for each library.

4. What if I have a disability?

The Bodleian Libraries have compiled information about library access and accessibility resources such as assistive technology for visitors with a disability.  Other libraries may have such information on their websites (please see 3 above) or you may contact them directly to enquire.

5. How do I find library material?

SOLO is the search interface to the library catalogues used by most of the libraries at the University.  Please refer to this guide to SOLO for help with searching the interface.

6. How many books may I borrow?

It depends on the individual library, and some libraries at Oxford are reference only and do not allow anyone to borrow from them.  You can see all the items you have on loan from libraries which use SOLO via the ‘My Account’ option on SOLO.  Help is also available in the guide to SOLO, under the “Renewals & your account” tab.

Whether and how you are allowed to renew an item will depend on the individual library. If online renewals are allowed you can carry these out whenever you see the option to login to ‘your account’ on SOLO.

7. What about fines?

All Oxford libraries set their own fines and fine rules. The best way to avoid them is to make sure you know the rules and get your books back on time!  Many libraries will send you automatic reminders via email.

8. How do I photocopy?

All libraries will have different procedures for photocopying .The Bodleian Libraries have a system called PCAS and here is a guide to the PCAS copying system.

Don’t forget that it is your responsibility to make sure you stay within the law when making copies.  Please see the Bodleian Libraries’ copyright FAQ for further information.

9. How do I find e-resources?

E-resources can be found by searching on SOLO.  They are also listed on OxLIP+ (for databases) and OU eJournals (for e-journals).

10. How do I get connected to the internet?

Access to the University’s wireless networks (OWL and eduroam) is available in many of the libraries in the University.  Here is a list of Bodleian Libraries reading rooms with wireless access.

 

 

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cpd23 final reflection

19 Oct

This post is part of 23 Things for Professional Development.

I was fortunate that the timing of cpd23 coincided neatly with preparing my CILIP Chartership portfolio.  As well as my blog posts, my portfolio was the major outcome of my reflective practice this summer/winter (depending on your hemisphere).

Thoughts about the cpd23 journey

It was loooooooong. Not just completing each Thing, but just reading the instructions each week came to be a bit of a task in itself.  If you’re planning a 23 Things programme of any sort, I advise keeping the posts for each Thing short and sweet, and give clear actions at the end of each one.

Focus on reflection.  I found this difficult, but I know/hope it’s good for me.  If you haven’t yet done a personal SWOT analysis, try this guide from Mindtools to help you get started.

I will definitely keep blogging!  Thanks for reading :)

Summary of posts for each cpd23 Thing

21, 22 Applying for jobs and volunteering to get experience

20 Library careers: routes in and what does this type of work actually involve?

19 Integration, integration, integration

18 Presenting: podcasts, screencasts and the like

17 Presenting with Prezi

16 Library advocacy

15 Events: attending, presenting at and organising

14 Comparison of reference management tools

13 Google Docs, Wikis and Dropbox

12 Thing 12: short and sweet for catch-up week

10, 11 Librarianship as a career

8, 9 Getting organised: Google Calendar and Evernote

My involvement in professional organisations

Online networks

Minutes and agendas

Current awareness using social media

Monitoring my personal brand on the web

1, 2 Starting out with 23 Things for Continuing Professional Development

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Applying for jobs and volunteering to get experience

6 Oct

This post is part of 23 Things for Professional Development.

Thing 21 is all about promoting yourself in job applications and at interview. Although I have quite a lot of experience of these processes, I found that I wasn’t comfortable with the idea of publishing these details on the web (as laid out in the Thing 21 instructions).

Recently, I had a similar experience with my Chartership portfolio.  When you submit your portfolio for assessement, you are asked if you are willing to make your document available for others to see.  I opted out of that because I felt that some parts of my portfolio, especially my personal SWOT analysis, were things I wanted to keep private (or at least limit the audience to just my assessors!).

However, I promise that I am doing things like constantly revising my CV and I hope this will satisfy the requirements for this Thing!

Thing 22 encourages us to consider the value of volunteering to get experience.  At this stage of my career, I think this has evolved from volunteering to do library work without pay to offering to take on further professional duties such as serving on committees and working groups.

I am currently involved in committees such as the Oxford Libraries’ Web 2.0 Working Party, an Aleph working party which is involved in fine-tuning some circulation settings on our new ILS following its launch in July, the Committee of College Librarians and the University of Oxford LGBT Steering Group.

I like being involved in groups and activities that broaden my professional awareness beyond the horizons of my own workplace. I think this is especially important in a federal organisation such as the University of Oxford.

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